Mechanical education hub

Jet strikes on vertical stationary flat plate Let us consider a stationary vertical plate on which a jet is striking. The jet is having diameter 'd'. The mass flow rate of Jet is represented by 'm' kg/s. This simply means that 'm' kilogram of water is coming out of nozzle per second. The jet is striking at the middle of the plate with velocity 'V1' metre per second. After the impact of Jet on the plate, the jet will split equally and flows over the plate. After that the jet will exit the plate from its tip in tangential direction. Now here Jet is striking the plate normally or perpendicularly at point 1 and exit the plate tangentially from the tip of the vertical plate represented by point 2 with velocity 'V2' m/s. If we consider this plate to be frictionless then the entry velocity and exit velocity will be same (V1=V2). Also the pressure throughout the plate is atmospheric, wheather it will be on entry point of plate which is point 1 or it

Before starting with impact of jets we must learn about forces. Force is nothing but rate of change in linear momentum. When we apply force on a body, than its Momentum will change and this change in momentum will represented by subtraction of initial momentum of body from its final momentum. Force applied on a body = final momentum of body - initial momentum of body Let us consider a stationary vertical plate on which a jet is striking. The jet is having diameter 'd'. The mass flow rate of Jet is represented by 'm' kg/s. This simply means that 'm' kilogram of water is coming out of nozzle per second. The jet is striking at the middle of the plate with velocity 'V1' metre per second. After the impact of Jet on the plate, the jet will split equally and flows over the plate. After that the jet will exit the plate from its tip in tangential direction. Now here Jet is striking the plate normally or perpendicularly at point 1 and exit the plate tangential

Turbines Hydropower turbines are the rotary Machines which convert Kinetic and pressure energy of water (or we can say that dynamic and static head of water) into mechanical energy.  Some turbines convert only kinetic energy or dynamic head of water into mechanical energy and some turbines uses both kinetic energy and pressure energy of water into mechanical energy. Right now it's little bit confusing but dont worry we will have a detailed discussion on each and every points in my upcoming lectures. Classification of hydropower turbines based upon energy available at inlet to Runner  Impulse turbines Reaction turbines Based upon direction of flow of water with respect to Runner Tangential Axial Radial Mixed Based upon specific speed Based upon head and discharge For high head and low discharge - PELTON TURBINE For medium head and medium discharge - FRANCIS TURBINE  For low head and high discharge - KAPLAN TURBINE and PROPELLER TURBINE